Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) runs solely on rechargeable electric power. These batteries can also be banked at the grid using vehicle grid (V2G) technology. The current price premium of EVs is rapidly balancing out thanks to improved battery technology and financial incentives. The long-term outlook is positive, with BEV and PHEV sales expected to grow significantly over the next decade. HEVs are a clean alternative to fossil fuel vehicles.
Improved Safety
EVs are powered solely by a battery pack like those offered by Delta Electronics, which provides electric motor torque to the wheels. They can also be recharged at a wall charger, making them the most convenient vehicle when visiting cities and suburbs. They offer a great range and can be driven for miles without worrying about running out of gas. Several studies have been conducted to help optimize the powertrain system for EVs. A new design for an EV with two propulsion machines was introduced. The power split/parallel architecture improves the powertrain energy efficiency by 5% compared to one propulsion machine. The performance of the proposed design was verified using MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experimental tests. The speedup of e-powertrain production poses a challenge for automotive OEMs and their supply chains. As a result, many suppliers have carved out their initial electrification resources.
Lower Maintenance Costs
As the demand for EVs grows, improving their traction systems has become increasingly important. Several power converter topologies can be used for EV traction. Some of the most common motors include ICE, traction and energy storage systems (ESS) driven by a controller. A double-stator permanent magnet BLDC motor was designed in [167] with a fuzzy-tuned PI speed control to improve its performance in HEV applications. In addition, an adaptive FL-based EMS was created to manage the power split between the battery and UC pack in HEVs. This improved the efficiency and reliability of EVs. A power-split EV also increases the range of the vehicle by reducing its peak power demands. Moreover, it reduces the temperature rise and improves the power-to-weight ratio of the battery.
Lower Noise Levels
Noise levels associated with EVs are much lower than those of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. This has the potential to reduce pedestrian safety risks. Engineers are developing new ways to reduce EV noise. These include using advanced insulation materials such as a lightweight meta-material to limit road and power train sound transmission. Other technologies to eliminate unwanted sound from EVs include integrating acoustic systems into the vehicle’s structure. These include acoustic floor mats, air suspension systems and new rugged board-to-board connectors that are heat and vibration resistant.
One of the key challenges is that acoustic solutions for EVs have to be light, easy to handle and invisible after installation. This is because EVs generate less noise, which makes other sound sources like the rolling of tires or the movement of airstream more noticeable. Also, some electric motors, such as a switched reluctance (SRM) system, produce a high vibration. To minimize this problem, engineers use simulation software to design quiet acoustics for EVs without adding excessive weight.
Lower Carbon Footprint
HEVs use a combination of an ICE power source and an electric motor for traction and energy storage. They can be configured in either series or parallel architectures. The DC bus of the vehicle is powered by both the ICE and EM in parallel HEVs, while in series HEVs, power flows are unidirectional. Complex HEVs, on the other hand, use a bidirectional power flow and combine features of parallel and series architectures.
Increased Reliability
EVs depend highly on electronic components and require an advanced control system to operate safely. These systems must be robust, capable of handling high currents, and withstand environmental impacts.
Various research has been done to increase the reliability of EVs. Several architectures, such as series, parallel, and power-split HEVs, have been developed. Bidirectional converters are used to obtain higher efficiency. Various motors are employed in HEVs. One of the most prominent ones is the switched reluctance motor (SRM) which has better fault tolerance capabilities, excellent torque-speed operation and good efficiency. Various MPPT algorithms are used to extract maximum power from PV panels. A dual-current loop control algorithm is proposed to improve the speed-torque performance of IMs.
Reduced Fuel Consumption
HEVs can provide the power of ICE vehicles without the emissions associated with burning fossil fuels. Several power converter topologies have been developed to improve HEV drives’ energy efficiency and power density. These include mild/microparallel, series, power split and combined architectures. In addition, several different motor types are used in HEVs, such as synchronous permanent magnet (SPM) and switched reluctance motor (SRM). An SRM is attractive for EV applications because it offers good torque-speed characteristics and high efficiency over a wide operating range. In addition, it requires less maintenance and has lower operational costs than an ICE engine. The SRM can also operate in a continuous power mode, which is useful for HEVs.
The automotive industry is continuously searching for new and sustainable solutions to meet the needs and demands of the market. Electric Vehicle (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) powertrain solutions have become an increasingly attractive option for automakers. These solutions offer a variety of advantages that can lead to cost savings, increased efficiency, and improved customer satisfaction. Here are five of the many benefits of EV/HEV powertrain solutions for the automotive industry.
1) Reduced Emissions: The use of EV/HEV powertrain solutions leads to a significant decrease in exhaust emissions. These techniques reduce the release of carbon dioxide and other gases by up to 90%, resulting in cleaner air and a healthier environment for all.
2) Cost Savings: EV/HEV powertrain solutions can help save automakers money in both the short and long-term. These solutions require less maintenance and repairs, and the energy costs associated with them are significantly lower than those of conventional vehicles.
3) Increased Efficiency: EV/HEV powertrain solutions are designed to capture and reuse more of the energy produced in order to generate more power. This leads to improved fuel efficiency, resulting in reduced fuel consumption and lower costs for the consumer.
4) Enhanced Safety: The use of EV/HEV powertrain solutions can improve safety by providing a smoother and more consistent driving experience. These solutions can reduce the risk of accidents due to their superior traction, stability, and road handling characteristics.
5) Improved Customer Satisfaction: EV/HEV powertrain solutions provide drivers with increased power and performance than traditional gasoline-powered engines. This improved performance can lead to higher customer satisfaction levels and better overall experiences for those that purchase these vehicles.
Overall, EV/HEV powertrain solutions can provide a variety of benefits to the automotive industry. These solutions have become increasingly popular due to their cost savings, improved efficiency, enhanced safety, and improved customer satisfaction. Automakers should consider investing in such solutions in order to keep up with the ever-changing industry and customer demands.
